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Hundred of Hartcliffe
The Hundred of Hartcliffe is one of the 40 historical Hundreds in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, dating from before the Norman conquest during the Anglo-Saxon era although exact dates are unknown. Each hundred had a 'fyrd', which acted as the local defence force and a court which was responsible for the maintenance of the frankpledge system. They also formed a unit for the collection of taxes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www1.somerset.gov.uk/archives/ASH/Shirehundred.htm )〕 The role of the hundred court was described in the Dooms (laws) of King Edgar. The name of the hundred was normally that of its meeting-place.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Summary )〕
At one time it was called Hartcliffe With Bedminster Hundred. Bedminster was previously a separate hundred after 1086 having been called Betmenistra and Bedmynstra before changing to its current name.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Somerset Introduction )〕 The Hartcliffe Hundred also included Knowle West. It consisted of the ancient parishes of: Long Ashton, Backwell, Barrow Gurney, Bedminster, Butcombe, Chelvey, and Winford. It covered an area of .〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/SOM/Miscellaneous/ )〕
The importance of the hundred courts declined from the seventeenth century. By the 19th century several different single-purpose subdivisions of counties, such as poor law unions, sanitary districts, and highway districts sprang up, filling the administrative role previously played by parishes and hundreds. Although the Hundreds have never been formally abolished, their functions ended with the establishment of county courts in 1867〔County Courts Act 1867 (30 & 31 Vict. c. 142) s.28〕 and the introduction of districts by the Local Government Act 1894.
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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